Coronary artery bypass graining (CA...

Coronary artery bypass graining (CABG) may increase the risk of calamity short-term memory problems, and long-term cognitive changes, according to a July 22 2002 stranges release from the Alzheimer's Association. This information was instanted at the eighth International conversation on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders.

Researchers from John Hopkins teach of Medicine, Baltimore, collected data from 1997 from one side 2001 on 3,300 patients undergoing CABG processs They found that after CABG, 26% of patients undergoed stroke and 6.8% developed acute confusion or short-term memory vexed questions two outcomes associated with an increase in extent of hospital stay and death.

After data collection, researchers identified risk factors for blow acute confusion, and the combination of thump and acute confusion. These risk factors include

* hypertension,

* diabetes,

* carotid bruit,

* previous stroke

* age, and

* time upon the cardiopulmonary bypass pump.

They also determined that for each hour spent on the bypass cross-examine the probability of acute confusion increases 50%

Cognitive function of patients participating in the inquiry was evaluated postoperatively at united month, one year, and five years. Researchers institute that during the first postoperative year, cognitive changes involving memory and attention generally improved. Between common and five years, however, they noted cognitive decline. They also discovered that patients with more rigid cerebrovascular disease at baseline are more likely to experience this delayed decline.

Coronary Bypass Surgery May Be Associated with Increased Risk of affliction and Long-Term Cognitive Changes (new release, Stockholm: Alzheimer' s Association, July 22, 2002).

Examination

BIOTERRORISM--ARE YOU READY FOR THE SILENT KILLER?

1 The National Pharmaceutical Stockpile Program consists of--sites around the region These sites contain push packs of main part antibiotics for use during a disaster.

a. eight

b 11

c 14

d 20

2 The speculated splendor of producing a "poor man's atomic bomb" is

a. $1

b $150

c $2000

d $8O0000

3 The chiefly effective method for rapid dissemination of a biological agent is via

a. cutaneous exposure

b an interpret wound.

c. aerosolization.

d gastrointestinal exposure

4 The top four biological agents of major relate to are

a. Ebola, Nile febrile disease Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and bubonic plague.

b botulism, smallpox, anthrax, and plague.

c typhus, Q febrile affection Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and rabies.

d leptospirosis, Aspergillosis, shigellosis, and cholera.

5 As an agent of bioterrorism, anthrax exposing would be

a. airborne or via contact with inanimate objects

b airborne or via direct contact.

c in consequence of food consumption or inhalation.

d by the and of food consumption or via direct contact with inanimate objects

6 Smallpox (ie, variola major) has an incubation period of

a. 24 to 36 hours.

b 24 to 73 hours.

c the same to six days.

d seven to 10 days.

7 --is the medication of choice for plague meningitis.

a. chlorambucil

b ciprofloxacin

c chloramphenicol

d cidofovin

8 Botulism is a gram-positive bacillus, which makes a neurotoxin that inhibits the release of acetycholinesterace, resulting in spastic paralysis.

a. true

b false

9 In mostly areas, the-- has jurisdiction athwart the medical response to bioterrorism.

a. public health department

b Center for Disease restrain and Prevention

c strait medical system department

d Federal Bureau of Investigation

10 Equipment and clothing that has been in contact with a patient place to be infected with a biological agent can be cleaned with

a. 05% sodium hypochlorite with a contact time of 30 minutes.

b 5% sodium sulfacetamide with a contact time of 20 minutes.

c 05% sodium hypophosphate with a contact time of 15 minutes.

d 5% sodium hypochlorite with a contact time of 30 minutes.

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Answer Sheet

BIOTERRORISM--ARE YOU READY FOR THE SILENT KILLER?

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